July
13
Events
July 13
1174 – William
I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–1174, is captured
at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
1260 – The Livonian Order suffers its greatest defeat in the
13th century in the Battle of Durbe against the Grand Duchy
of Lithuania
1558 – Battle of Gravelines: in France, Spanish forces led by
Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal
Paul de Thermes at Gravelines.
1573 – Eighty Years' War: the Siege of Haarlem ends after seven
months.
1643 – English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down – In England,
Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist
forces, heavily defeats the Parliamentarian forces led by Sir
William Waller.
1787 – The Continental Congress enacts the Northwest Ordinance
establishing governing rules for the Northwest Territory. It
also establishes procedures for the admission of new states
and limits the expansion of slavery.
1793 – Journalist and French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat is
assassinated in his bathtub by Charlotte Corday, a member of
the opposing political faction.
1794 – The Battle of the Vosges is fought between French forces
and those of Prussia and Austria.
1814 – The Carabinieri, the national gendarmerie of Italy, is
established.
1830 – The General Assembly's Institution, now the Scottish
Church College, one of the pioneering institutions that ushered
the Bengal Renaissance, is founded by Alexander Duff and Raja
Ram Mohan Roy, in Calcutta, India.
1854 – In the Battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General Jose Maria
Yanez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset-Boulbon.
1863 – New York Draft Riots: in New York City, opponents of
conscription begin three days of rioting which will be later
regarded as the worst in United States history.
1878 – Treaty of Berlin: the European powers redraw the map
of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely
independent of the Ottoman empire.
1905 – The verdict in the six-month long Smarthavicharam trial
of Kuriyedath Thathri is pronounced, leading to the excommunication
of 65 men of various castes.
1919 – The British airship R34 lands in Norfolk, England, completing
the first airship return journey across the Atlantic in 182
hours of flight.
1923 – The Hollywood Sign is officially dedicated in the hills
above Hollywood, Los Angeles. It originally reads "Hollywoodland
" but the four last letters are dropped after renovation
in 1949.
1941 – World War II: Montenegrins begin a popular uprising against
the Axis Powers (Trinaestojulski ustanak), the first in Axis-controlled
countries.
1962 – In an unprecedented action, British Prime Minister Harold
Macmillan dismisses seven members of his Cabinet, marking the
effective end of the National Liberals as a distinct force within
British politics.
1973 – Alexander Butterfield reveals the existence of the "Nixon
tapes" to the special Senate committee investigating the
Watergate break in.
1977 – New York City, amidst a period of financial and social
turmoil experiences a blackout lasting nearly 24 hours that
leads to widespread fires and looting.
1985 – The Live Aid benefit concert takes place in London and
Philadelphia, as well as other venues such as Sydney and Moscow.
1985 – Vice President George H.W. Bush becomes the Acting President
for the day when President Ronald Reagan undergoes surgery to
remove polyps from his colon.
1990 – An earthquake with its epicentre in Afghanistan results
in the greatest number of fatalities in a mountaineering accident
in High Asian mountains when an avalanche kills 43 climbers
in Camp I on Pik Lenina (Lenin Peak).
2003 – French DGSE personnel abort an operation to rescue Ingrid
Betancourt from FARC rebels in Colombia, causing a political
scandal when details are leaked to the press.
2008 – War in Afghanistan: Taliban guerrillas attack NATO troops
near the village of Wanat in the Waygal district in Afghanistan's
far eastern province of Nuristan.
2011 – Mumbai is rocked by three bomb blasts during the evening
rush hour, killing 26 and injuring 130.
Holidays
and observances
Christian
Feast Day:
Abd-al-Masih
Abel of Tacla Haimonot (Coptic Church)
Clelia Barbieri
Eugenius of Carthage
Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
Mildthryth
Silas (Roman Catholic Church)
Teresa of the Andes
July 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Feast of Kalimát, first day of the seventh month of the Bahá'í
calendar. (Bahá'í Faith)
Statehood Day (Montenegro)
The last day of Naadam (Mongolia)
Rock Worldwide Day
For details, contact Datacentre
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