October
8
Independence
Day
Croatia : October 8 1991
October
8 : Indian Air Force Day
In India, the Army, Navy, Coast Guard and
Air Force celebrate their own IAF Day (October
8)
'Indian Air Force Day – The Indian Air Force
Act came into force on 8 October 1932, that
date being the date of its formal constitution.
The IAF was a small group of six officer,
nineteen airmen and four Wapiti aircraft.
Now it is the fourth largest Airforce in the
World after US, Russia and China. On 1 April
1933 first flight of the IAF the 'A' flight
took off. IAF personnel consisted of five
pilots and one equipment officer and 19 Havai
Sepoys (air soldiers) and its aircraft was
four Westland Wapiti IIA arm, which was in
karachi(Pakistan). The Air Force first war
was on 01 Oct 1937 in Wazi'rstan for Army
Co-operation missions against Tribal. 'A'
Flight flew 1400 operational hours.
Events
314
– Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his
colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae,
and loses his European territories.
451 – At Chalcedon, a city of Bithynia in
Asia Minor, the first session of the Council
of Chalcedon begins (ends on November 1).
1075 – Dmitar Zvonimir is crowned King of
Croatia.
1200 – Isabella of Angoulême is crowned Queen
consort of England.
1480 – Great standing on the Ugra river, a
standoff between the forces of Akhmat Khan,
Khan of the Great Horde, and the Grand Duke
Ivan III of Russia, which results in the retreat
of the Tataro-Mongols and the eventual disintegration
of the Horde.
1573 – End of the Spanish siege of Alkmaar,
the first Dutch victory in Eighty Years War.
1582 – Because of the implementation of the
Gregorian calendar this day does not exist
in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and
Spain.
1600 – San Marino adopts its written constitution.
1645 – Jeanne Mance opened the Hôtel-Dieu
de Montréal, the first lay hospital in North
America.
1806 – Napoleonic Wars: Forces of the British
Empire lay siege to the port of Boulogne in
France by using Congreve rockets, invented
by Sir William Congreve.
1813 – The Treaty of Ried is signed between
Bayern and Austria.
1821 – The government of general José de San
Martín establishes the Peruvian Navy.
1829 – Rail transport: Stephenson's The Rocket
wins The Rainhill Trials.
1856 – The Second Opium War between several
western powers and China begins with the Arrow
Incident on the Pearl River.
1860 – Telegraph line between Los Angeles
and San Francisco opens.
1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Perryville
– Union forces under General Don Carlos Buell
halt the Confederate invasion of Kentucky
by defeating troops led by General Braxton
Bragg at Perryville, Kentucky.
1871 – Four major fires break out on the shores
of Lake Michigan in Chicago, Peshtigo, Wisconsin,
Holland, Michigan, and Manistee, Michigan
including the Great Chicago Fire, and the
much deadlier Peshtigo Fire.
1879 – War of the Pacific: the Chilean Navy
defeats the Peruvian Navy in the Battle of
Angamos, Peruvian Admiral Miguel Grau is killed
in the encounter.
1895 – Eulmi incident- Queen Min of Joseon,
the last empress of Korea, is assassinated
and her corpse burnt by the Japanese in Gyeongbok
Palace.
1904 – Edmonton, Alberta was incorporated
as a city.
1904 – Prince Albert, Saskatchewan was incorporated
as a city.
1912 – First Balkan War begins: Montenegro
declares war against Turkey.
1918 – World War I: In the Argonne Forest
in France, United States Corporal Alvin C.
York kills 25 German soldiers and captures
132.
1921 – KDKA in Pittsburgh's Forbes Field conducts
the first live broadcast of a football game.
1928 – Joseph Szigeti gives the first performance
of Alfredo Casella's Violin Concerto.
1932 – The Indian Air Force is established.
1939 – World War II: Germany annexes Western
Poland.
1941 – World War II: In their invasion of
the Soviet Union, Germany reaches the Sea
of Azov with the capture of Mariupol.
1944 – World War II: The Battle of Crucifix
Hill occurs on Crucifix Hill just outside
Aachen. Capt. Bobbie Brown receives a Medal
of Honor for his heroics in this battle.
1952 – The Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash
kills 112 people.
1956 – New York Yankees's Don Larsen pitched
the only perfect game in a World Series; one
of only 20 perfect games in MLB history.
1962 – Spiegel scandal: Der Spiegel publishes
the article "Bedingt abwehrbereit"
("Conditionally prepared for defense")
about a NATO manoeuver called "Fallex
62", which uncovered the sorry state
of the Bundeswehr (Germany's army) facing
the communist threat from the east at the
time. The magazine is soon accused of treason.
1962 – Algeria joins the United Nations.
1967 – Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his
men are captured in Bolivia.
1968 – Vietnam War: Operation Sealords – United
States and South Vietnamese forces launch
a new operation in the Mekong Delta.
1969 – The opening rally of the Days of Rage
occurs, organized by the Weather Underground
in Chicago, Illinois.
1970 – Vietnam War: In Paris, a Communist
delegation rejects US President Richard Nixon's
October 7 peace proposal as "a maneuver
to deceive world opinion".
1973 – Yom Kippur War: Gabi Amir's armored
brigade attacks Egyptian occupied positions
on the Israeli side of the Suez Canal, in
hope of driving them away. The attack fails,
and over 150 Israeli tanks are destroyed.
1973 – Greek military junta of 1967–1974:
Junta strongman George Papadopoulos appoints
Spyros Markezinis as Prime Minister of Greece
with the task to lead Greece to parliamentary
rule.
1974 – Franklin National Bank collapses due
to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it
is the largest bank failure in the history
of the United States.
1978 – Australia's Ken Warby sets the current
world water speed record of 317.60mph at Blowering
Dam, Australia.
1982 – Poland bans Solidarity and all trade
unions.
1990 – Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: In Jerusalem,
Israeli police kill 17 Palestinians and wound
over 100 near the Dome of the Rock mosque
on the Temple Mount.
1991 – Croatia votes to sever constitutional
relations with Yugoslavia, making the country
fully independent
1998 – Oslo's Gardermoen airport opens after
the close down of Fornebu airport.
2001 – A twin engine Cessna and Scandinavian
Airlines System (SAS) jetliner collide in
heavy fog during takeoff from Milan, Italy
killing 118.
2001 – U.S. President George W. Bush announces
the establishment of the Office of Homeland
Security.
2005 – 2005 Kashmir earthquake: Thousands
of people are killed by a magnitude 7.6 earthquake
in parts of Pakistan, India and Afghanistan.
Holidays
and observances
Air
Force Day (India)
Christian Feast Day:
Palatia and Laurentia
Pelagia (Roman Catholic Church)
San Ernesto, Che Guevera as a saint. (Bolivian
campesinos)
October 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Earliest day on which Columbus Day can fall,
while October 14 is the latest; observed on
the second Monday of October (United States)
Earliest day on which Discoverer's Day can
fall, while October 14 is the latest; observed
on the second Monday of October (Hawaii)
Earliest date on which the first day of Fire
Prevention Week can fall, while October 14
is the latest; observed on the second week
of October. (United States and Canada)
Earliest day on which International Day for
Natural Disaster Reduction can fall, while
October 14 is the latest; observed on the
second Wednesday of October (Hawaii)
Independence Day, celebrates the official
separation of Croatia from Yugoslavia in 1991.
Navy Day (Peru)
For details, contact Datacentre
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