| Integrated Approaches
To Increasing Food Security And Nutrition
Living and working in Kenya for the Rockefeller Foundation,
and specifically on food security and rural economic development,
the reality of food loss and waste is all too familiar. It is
the shared reality of millions — the 70 percent of Africans
drawing their livelihoods from agriculture and producing 80
percent of food in Africa.
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Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most-populous
continent. At about 30.2 million km2 (11.7 million sq mi) including
adjacent islands, it covers six percent of the Earth's total
surface area and 20.4 percent of the total land area. With 1.1
billion people as of 2013, it accounts for about 15% of the
world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the
Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the
Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian
Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.
The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos.
It has 54 fully recognized sovereign states ("countries"),
nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited
or no recognition.
Africa's population is the youngest among all the continents;
50% of Africans are 19 years old or younger.
Algeria is Africa's largest country by area, and Nigeria is
the largest by population. Africa, particularly central Eastern
Africa, is widely accepted as the place of origin of humans
and the Hominidae clade (great apes), as evidenced by the discovery
of the earliest hominids and their ancestors, as well as later
ones that have been dated to around seven million years ago,
including Sahelanthropus tchadensis, Australopithecus africanus,
A. afarensis, Homo erectus, H. habilis and H. ergaster – with
the earliest Homo sapiens (modern human) found in Ethiopia being
dated to circa 200,000 years ago. Africa straddles the equator
and encompasses numerous climate areas; it is the only continent
to stretch from the northern temperate to southern temperate
zones.
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