October
27
Independence
Day
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines : October 27 1979
Turkmenistan : October 27 1991
October
27 : World Day for Audiovisual Heritage
Audiovisual
documents, such as films, radio and television programmes, audio
and video recordings, contain the primary records of the 20th
and 21st centuries.
Transcending
language and cultural boundaries, appealing immediately to the
eye and the ear, to the literate and illiterate, audiovisual
documents have transformed society by becoming a permanent complement
to the traditional written record.
The 33rd
session of UNESCO’s General Conference adopted 33 C/Resolution
53 to proclaim 27 October as World Day for Audiovisual Heritage,
in commemoration of the adoption in 1980 by the 21st session
of the General Conference of the Recommendation for the Safeguarding
and Preservation of Moving Images.
While the
Recommendation has helped to raise awareness of the importance
of audiovisual heritage and has been instrumental in ensuring
the preservation of this often unique testimony to economic,
political and social development, for future generations, more
efforts are needed as audiovisual recordings are particularly
vulnerable and require special attention for their long-term
security. The anniversary of the adoption of the Recommendation
is considered a timely opportunity to launch a movement in recognition
of the benefits of the preservation of audiovisual heritage.
Events
312 – Constantine
the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the
Cross.
710 – Saracen invasion of Sardinia.
939 – Edmund I succeeds Athelstan as King of England.
1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam.
1524 – Italian Wars: The French troops lay siege to Pavia.
1553 – Condemned as a heretic, Michael Servetus is burned at
the stake just outside Geneva.
1644 – Second Battle of Newbury in the English Civil War.
1682 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is founded.
1795 – The United States and Spain sign the Treaty of Madrid,
which establishes the boundaries between Spanish colonies and
the U.S.
1806 – The French Army enters Berlin.
1810 – United States annexes the former Spanish colony of West
Florida.
1827 – Bellini's third opera Il pirata is premiered at Teatro
alla Scala di Milano
1838 – Missouri governor Lilburn Boggs issues the Extermination
Order, which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be exterminated.
1870 – Marshal François Achille Bazaine surrenders to Prussian
forces at Metz along with 140,000 French soldiers in one of
the biggest French defeats of the Franco-Prussian War.
1904 – The first underground New York City Subway line opens;
the system becomes the biggest in United States, and one of
the biggest in world.
1914 – World War I: The British super-dreadnought battleship
HMS Audacious (23,400 tons), is sunk off Tory Island, north-west
of Ireland, by a minefield laid by the armed German merchant-cruiser
Berlin.
1916 – Battle of Segale: Negus Mikael, marching on the Ethiopian
capital in support of his son Emperor Iyasus V, is defeated
by Fitawrari abte Giyorgis, securing the throne for Empress
Zauditu.
1922 – A referendum in Rhodesia rejects the country's annexation
to the South African Union.
1924 – The Uzbek SSR is founded in the Soviet Union.
1930 – ratifications exchanged in London, for the first London
Naval Treaty signed in April modifying the 1925 Washington Naval
Treaty and the arms limitation treaty's modified provisions
go into effect immediately; further limiting the expensive naval
arms race between its five signatories.
1936 – Mrs Wallis Simpson files for divorce which would eventually
allow her to marry King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom, thus
forcing his abdication from the throne.
1944 – World War II: German forces capture Banská Bystrica during
Slovak National Uprising thus bringing it to an end.
1948 – Léopold Sédar Senghor founds the Senegalese Democratic
Bloc.
1953 – British nuclear test Totem 2 is carried out at Emu Field,
South Australia.
1954 – Benjamin O. Davis Jr. becomes the first African-American
general in the United States Air Force.
1958 – Iskander Mirza, the first President of Pakistan, is deposed
in a bloodless coup d'état by General Ayub Khan, who had been
appointed the enforcer of martial law by Mirza 20 days earlier.
1961 – NASA launches the first Saturn I rocket in Mission Saturn-Apollo
1.
1961 – Mauritania and Mongolia join the United Nations.
1962 – Major Rudolf Anderson of the United States Air Force
becomes the only direct human casualty of the Cuban Missile
Crisis when his U-2 reconnaissance airplane is shot down in
Cuba by a Soviet-supplied SA-2 Guideline surface-to-air missile.
1962 – A plane carrying Enrico Mattei, post-war Italian administrator,
crashes in mysterious circumstances.
1964 – Ronald Reagan delivers a speech on behalf of Republican
candidate for president, Barry Goldwater. The speech launched
his political career and came to be known as "A Time for
Choosing".
1967 – Catholic priest Philip Berrigan and others of the Baltimore
Four protest the Vietnam War by pouring blood on Selective Service
records.
1971 – The Democratic Republic of the Congo is renamed Zaire.
1973 – The Cañon City meteorite, a 1.4 kg chondrite type meteorite,
strikes in Fremont County, Colorado.
1981 – The Soviet submarine U 137 runs aground on the east coast
of Sweden.
1986 – The British government suddenly deregulates financial
markets, leading to a total restructuring of the way in which
they operate in the country, in an event now referred to as
the Big Bang.
1988 – Ronald Reagan decides to tear down the new U.S. Embassy
in Moscow because of Soviet listening devices in the building
structure.
1991 – Turkmenistan achieves independence from the Soviet Union.
1992 – United States Navy radioman Allen R. Schindler, Jr. is
brutally murdered by shipmate Terry M. Helvey for being gay,
precipitating first military, then national, debate about gays
in the military that resulted in the United States "Don't
ask, don't tell" military policy.
1994 – The U.S. prison population tops 1 million for the first
time in American history.
1994 – Gliese 229B is the first Substellar Mass Object to be
unquestionably identified.
1995 – Latvia applies for membership in the European Union.
1995 – Former Prime Minister of Italy Bettino Craxi is convicted
in absentia of corruption.
1997 – October 27, 1997 mini-crash: Stock markets around the
world crash because of fears of a global economic meltdown.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average plummets 554.26 points to 7,161.15.
1999 – Gunmen open fire in the Armenian Parliament, killing
Prime Minister Vazgen Sargsyan, Parliament Chairman Karen Demirchyan,
and 6 other members.
2004 – Major League Baseball: The Boston Red Sox complete a
four-game sweep of the 2004 World Series against the St. Louis
Cardinals, giving the team their first World Series championship
since 1918.
2005 – Riots begin in Paris after the deaths of two Muslim teenagers.
2005 – The SSETI Express micro-satellite is successfully launched
from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome.
2011 – The Royal Australian Navy announces that they discovered
the wreck of a World War II submarine in Simpson Harbour, Papua
New Guinea during Operation RENDER SAFE - it is likely to be
Japanese.
Holidays
and observances
Černová
Tragedy Day (Slovakia)
Christian Feast Day:
Abbán
Elesbaan
Frumentius (Roman Catholic Church)
October 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines from United Kingdom in 1979.
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Turkmenistan
from USSR in 1991.
Navy Day, first organized to be on this day. (United States)
World Day for Audiovisual Heritage (International)
For details, contact Datacentre
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